What is the difference between a symptom and a sign in medical terms?

In medical terminology, the distinction between a symptom and a sign is fundamental to understanding patient assessments. Symptoms are considered subjective experiences reported by the patient, revealing their personal feelings or sensations regarding their health, such as pain, fatigue, or dizziness. These are not directly measurable or observable by someone else and rely on the patient’s own report of their experience.

In contrast, signs are objective indicators that can be observed and measured by healthcare providers. These might include physical findings such as a rash, swelling, or an elevated blood pressure reading. Signs are factual elements that can be quantified or confirmed during a physical examination, which contrasts with the inherently personal nature of symptoms.

Understanding this distinction is crucial for effective communication in medical settings and aids in the accurate diagnosis and treatment of conditions. This clarity helps ensure that healthcare professionals can differentiate between what the patient is experiencing internally and what can be clinically observed externally.